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Image for A worker from the Lviv Confectionery Factory “Bilshovyk,” T.M. Etinger, at work, 1956

The photo is part of the collection of press photos from the State Archives of Lviv Region showing different economic areas: industry, agriculture, culture, and sports. The photo shows a worker of Lviv Confectionery Factory, T.M.Etinger. According to the accompanying inscription, she is “one of the best” workers, a labour veteran). She is captured at making a Kremlin’s Savior Tower. The nature of this photo and of the entire collection implies the genre of press photos that had to accompanied by a text (newspaper publication). The photo was meant to illustrate the message, to make it sound more convincing, to encourage and inspire the reading workers to accomplish more in their labour. In addition, it had to serve as a positive motivation and a reason to be proud for the people captured in the photos. Newspaper photographers were assigned by the editor who coordinated with the appropriate party organization (regional or district party committee) and had a list of enterprises or events that had to be covered in the coming newspaper issues. Upon arriving at the company, a photographer talked to a director, a trade union organization, and/or a party organization who suggested the candidates for such a photo. The author of this photo is not mentioned on the reverse. It shows an attitude to the profession of a photographer in the late Soviet decades, when formal and aesthetic experiments stayed in the past, and the profession was about mass production of same-type images.

Title:

A worker from the Lviv Confectionery Factory “Bilshovyk,” T.M. Etinger, at work, 1956

Year:
1956
Source:
State Archives of Lviv Region (DALO)

Photographs about the practices of taking pictures of the workers:

“The most horrible thing to do for photographers, in the context of the factory labs, was to take photos of people for the walls of honor. That was a crowd of hegemon that you needed to capture, and to produce the photos without delay” (Oleksandr Parkhomenko, oral interview, 2020).

“A man would come, with a huge red nose, as on the previous night he had a reason to celebrate. And you had to make a nice photo of him. Or, a woman having her first time of a studio photo. A modest machine operator gets scared of a camera, and keeps gawking.” (Oleksandr Lysenko, oral interview, 2021).

Related sources:

Documents (2)

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Concerning the Intensification of the Fight Against Persons Who Avoid Socially Useful Work, statement 1961
The Soviet authorities not only motivated workers to labor feats, but also punished those who refused selfless work for the benefit of the motherland. For example, in February 1948, a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was signed "On the eviction from the Ukrainian SSR of persons who maliciously avoid work in agriculture and lead an anti-social, parasitic lifestyle." Similar approaches were approved by the resolution of the RSFSR from 1961, which encouraged to identify (that is,to report), punish and even imprison people who chose a non-socialist way of life. The document shows that despite official claims about the advantages of communist production and socialist competition, many people...
Image for The Movement of Collectives and Shock Workers Brigades of Communist Labour, article
The Movement of Collectives and Shock Workers Brigades of Communist Labour, article
This article is part of the Soviet Encyclopedia and was written by Semion Romanovych (in life Srul Rakhmilevich) Gershberg (1908-1984). He was a researcher of Soviet history who specialized in the topic of "labor strikers". From 1931 to 1949, Gershberg worked for the Pravda newspaper and was fired during the 1949 anti-Semitic campaign in the USSR. Since 1949, he worked at the publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia", where he held the position of deputy head of the editorial board. In 1961, he published the book "Movement of Collectives and Strikers of Communist Labor" and based on this research created the same article for the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (third edition 1969-1978, which consists of 30...
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Videos (2)

Image for “Screen of Pryazovia” (Pryazovskyi Ekran) № 1, 1969
“Screen of Pryazovia” (Pryazovskyi Ekran) № 1, 1969
This newsreel is a valuable source on the history of the development of the Mariupol industry. It was produced by the city club of film amateurs. Following the example of the Ukrkinochronika studio in the capital city which published the main newsreels in the republic, the authors of this piece created a short film report with 4 stories that tell about the deputies, the introduction of innovations in blast furnace steelmaking, about the winners of the socialist competition, and about the meeting of workers with a Soviet cosmonaut.
Image for Collective of Communist Labor at Shoe Factory, 1960
Collective of Communist Labor at Shoe Factory, 1960
  Television news of the Lviv Television Studio followed the operators of Ukrkinochronika who chose shoe factory No. 3 as a model enterprise of the city’s light industry. The television camera shows to the audience Kateryna Lysak, an exemplary employee of the enterprise that was granted a status of a “communist labor enterprise”. At such enterprises, the example of the pioneers was to be followed by other workers, and a television clip told the people of Lviv about leaders of production and how the shoe factory was developing.
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Audio (1)

Image for Song of the Communist Labor Brigades
Song of the Communist Labor Brigades
"Song of Communist Labor Brigades" was written in 1956 by the composer Arkady Filipenko (1912-1983), who, in addition to academic music, wrote works for operettas and films. The verses to the song were written by another outstanding figure of Soviet culture of the Ukrainian SSR, Oleksa Novitsky (1914-1992), who was a military correspondent during the war, and later became a Shevchenko scholar. Both authors had the "right" biographies for writing the anthem of the communist labor brigades, which was performed at official events in the Ukrainian SSR, and was also published in large numbers for performance by professional and amateur groups. The song has a solemn mood and asserts that the communist labor...
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Worked on the material:
Research, comment

Іryna Sklokina

Editing, publishing

Ivanna Cherchovych

Translation into English

Svitlana Bregman

Photo

DALO, 0-10759 (Etinger T.M. one of the best employees, a veteran of the Lviv Confectionery Factory “Bilshovyk” in the process of making chocolate model of the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin)

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